Applied Behavior Analysis

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Applied behavior analysis (ABA) is a type of therapy that is evidence-based to treat behavioral problems in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Attention Deficit & Hyperactive Disorder and other developmental delays. 

 ABA helps us understand how behavior work, why a behavior is being presented, how behavior is affected by environment, how learning happens, etc. ABA therapy not only decreases behavioral behavioral problems but also language and communication skills, as well as social skills, attention,  focus and improve academics. 

The methods of behavior analysis have been used and studied for decades. They have helped many kinds of learners gain different skills – from healthier lifestyles to learning a new language.   

Therapists have used ABA to help children with autism and related developmental disorders since the 1960s. ABA therapy applies our understanding of how behavior works to real situations. The goal is to increase behaviors that are helpful and decrease behaviors that are harmful or affect learning. 

Applied Behavior Analysis involves many techniques for understanding and changing behavior. ABA is a flexible treatment:  

• Can be adapted to meet the needs of each unique person
• Provided in many different locations – at home, at school, and in the community
• Teaches skills that are useful in everyday life
• Can involve one-to-one teaching or group instruction 

How It Works:

A qualified and trained behavior analyst (BCBA) designs and directly oversees the program. They customize the ABA program to each learner's skills, needs, interests, preferences and family situation. 

The BCBA will start by doing a detailed assessment of each person’s skills and preferences. They will use this to write specific treatment goals. Family goals and preferences may be included, too.

Treatment goals are written based on the age and ability level of the person with ASD. Goals can include many different skill areas, such as:

• Communication and language
• Social skills
• Self-care (such as showering and toileting)
• Play and leisure
• Motor skills
• Learning and academic skills

The instruction plan breaks down each of these skills into small, concrete steps. The therapist teaches each step one by one, from simple (e.g. imitating single sounds) to more complex (e.g. carrying on a conversation).

The BCBA and therapists measure progress by collecting data in each therapy session. Data helps them to monitor the person’s progress toward goals on an ongoing basis.

The behavior analyst regularly meets with family members and program staff to review information about progress. They can then plan ahead and adjust teaching plans and goals as needed.